A Bayesian Perspective on Sensory and Cognitive Integration in Pain Perception and Placebo Analgesia
نویسندگان
چکیده
The placebo effect is a component of any response to a treatment (effective or inert), but we still ignore why it exists. We propose that placebo analgesia is a facet of pain perception, others being the modulating effects of emotions, cognition and past experience, and we suggest that a computational understanding of pain may provide a unifying explanation of these phenomena. Here we show how Bayesian decision theory can account for such features and we describe a model of pain that we tested against experimental data. Our model not only agrees with placebo analgesia, but also predicts that learning can affect pain perception in other unexpected ways, which experimental evidence supports. Finally, the model can also reflect the strategies used by pain perception, showing that modulation by disparate factors is intrinsic to the pain process.
منابع مشابه
Placebo-induced changes in spinal cord pain processing.
Pain is an essential sensory modality, signaling injury or threat of injury. Pain perception depends on both biological and psychological factors. However, it is not known whether psychological factors modify spinal mechanisms or if its effect is limited to cortical processing. Here, we use a placebo analgesic model to show that psychological factors affect human spinal nociceptive processes. M...
متن کاملThe periaqueductal gray and Bayesian integration in placebo analgesia
In placebo hypoalgesia research, the strength of treatment expectations and experiences are key components. However, the reliability or precision of expectations had been mostly ignored although being a likely source for interindividual differences. In the present study, we adopted a Bayesian framework, naturally combining expectation magnitudes and precisions. This postulates that expectations...
متن کاملStudy of the Intraplantar Injection of Lidocaine and Morphine on Pain Perception and the Influence of Morphine Dependence and Withdrawal on Lidocaine-Induced Analgesia in Rats
Background: Morphine and lidocaine are known to influence the perception of pain. The present study sought to determine the influence of local administration of morphine on lidocaine-induced analgesia in morphine non-dependent (MND), morphine dependent (MD) and morphine withdrawal (MW) animals. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, MND, MD and MW rats. Lidocai...
متن کاملINTRAPERITONEAL AND INCISIONAL BUPIVACAINE ANALGESIA FOR MAJOR ABDOMINAL/GYNECOLOGIC SURGERY: A PLACEBOCONTROLLED
ABSTRACT Background: Postoperative pain is an important surgical problem. Recent studies in pain pathophysiology have led to the hypothesis that with perioperative administration of analgesics (pre-emptive analgesia) it may be possible to prevent or reduce postoperative pain. This study was planned to investigate the efficacy of pre-emptive analgesia on postoperative pain after major gynecolog...
متن کاملInfluence of prior information on pain involves biased perceptual decision-making
Prior information about features of a stimulus is a strong modulator of perception. For instance, the prospect of more intense pain leads to an increased perception of pain, whereas the expectation of analgesia reduces pain, as shown in placebo analgesia and expectancy modulations during drug administration. This influence is commonly assumed to be rooted in altered sensory processing and expec...
متن کامل